Compare Panama (2003) - Equatorial Guinea (2003)

Compare Panama (2003) z Equatorial Guinea (2003)

	Panama (2003)	Equatorial Guinea (2003)

Administrative divisions	9 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 1 territory (comarca); Bocas del Toro, Chiriqui, Cocle, Colon, Darien, Herrera, Los Santos, Panama, San Blas, and Veraguas	7 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas
Age structure	0-14 years: 30.6% (male 461,670; female 443,671) 15-64 years: 63.3% (male 950,089; female 924,038) 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 86,006; female 95,310) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 42.2% (male 108,179; female 107,164) 15-64 years: 54% (male 132,342; female 143,509) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 8,576; female 10,703) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	bananas, rice, corn, coffee, sugarcane, vegetables; livestock; shrimp	coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (tapioca), bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber
Airports	103 (2002)	3 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 41 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 13 under 914 m: 21 (2002)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 62 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 50 (2002)	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 78,200 sq km land: 75,990 sq km water: 2,210 sq km	total: 28,051 sq km land: 28,051 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than South Carolina	slightly smaller than Maryland
Background	With US backing, Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903 and promptly signed a treaty with the US allowing for the construction of a canal and US sovereignty over a strip of land on either side of the structure (the Panama Canal Zone). The Panama Canal was built by the US Army Corps of Engineers between 1904 and 1914. On 7 September 1977, an agreement was signed for the complete transfer of the Canal from the US to Panama by the end of 1999. Certain portions of the Zone and increasing responsibility over the Canal were turned over in the intervening years. With US help, dictator Manuel NORIEGA was deposed in 1989. The entire Panama Canal, the area supporting the Canal, and remaining US military bases were turned over to Panama by or on 31 December 1999.	Equatorial Guinea gained independence in 1968 after 190 years of Spanish rule. President OBIANG NGUEM MBASOGO has ruled the tiny country, composed of a mainland portion plus five inhabited islands and one of the smallest countries on the African continent, since he seized power in a coup in 1979. Although nominally a constitutional democracy since 1991, the 1996 and 2002 presidential elections - as well as the 1999 legislative elections - were widely seen as being flawed.
Birth rate	20.78 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	36.94 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $1.9 billion expenditures: $2 billion, including capital expenditures of $471 million (2000 est.)	revenues: $200 million expenditures: $158 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
Capital	Panama	Malabo
Climate	tropical maritime; hot, humid, cloudy; prolonged rainy season (May to January), short dry season (January to May)	tropical; always hot, humid
Coastline	2,490 km	296 km
Constitution	11 October 1972; major reforms adopted 1978, 1983 and 1994	approved by national referendum 17 November 1991; amended January 1995
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Panama conventional short form: Panama local long form: Republica de Panama local short form: Panama	conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial former: Spanish Guinea
Currency	balboa (PAB); US dollar (USD)	Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Death rate	6.25 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	12.54 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$7 billion (2002 est.)	$248 million (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Linda Ellen WATT embassy: Avenida Balboa and Calle 37, Apartado Postal 0816-02561, Zona 5, Panama City 5 mailing address: American Embassy Panama, Unit 0945, APO AA 34002 telephone: [507] 207-7000 FAX: [507] 227-1964	the US does not have an embassy in Equatorial Guinea (embassy closed September 1995); the US ambassador to Cameroon is accredited to Equatorial Guinea; the US State Department is considering opening a Consulate Agency in Malabo
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Roberto ALFARO Estripeaut chancery: 2862 McGill Terrace NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 483-1407 FAX: [1] (202) 483-8416 consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Houston, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico), Tampa	chief of mission: Ambassador Teodoro Biyogo NSUE chancery: 2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 518-5700 FAX: [1] (202) 518-5252
Disputes - international	none	in 2002, ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but states have not yet agreed to abide by the decision; creation of a maritime boundary in hydrocarbon-rich Corisco Bay with Gabon is hampered by dispute over small islets on Mbane/Mbagne bank, administered and occupied by Gabon since the 1970s
Economic aid - recipient	$197.1 million (1995)	$33.8 million (1995)
Economy - overview	Panama's economy is based primarily on a well-developed services sector that accounts for three-fourths of GDP. Services include operating the Panama Canal, banking, the Colon Free Zone, insurance, container ports, flagship registry, and tourism. A slump in Colon Free Zone and agricultural exports, the global slowdown, and the withdrawal of US military forces held back economic growth in 2000-02. The government has been backing public works programs, tax reforms, new regional trade agreements, and development of tourism in order to stimulate growth.	The discovery and exploitation of large oil reserves have contributed to dramatic economic growth in recent years. Forestry, farming, and fishing are also major components of GDP. Subsistence farming predominates. Although pre-independence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the neglect of the rural economy under successive regimes has diminished potential for agriculture-led growth (the government has stated its intention to reinvest some oil revenue into agriculture). A number of aid programs sponsored by the World Bank and the IMF have been cut off since 1993 because of corruption and mismanagement. No longer eligible for concessional financing because of large oil revenues, the government has been unsuccessfully trying to agree on a "shadow" fiscal management program with the World Bank and IMF. Businesses, for the most part, are owned by government officials and their family members. Undeveloped natural resources include titanium, iron ore, manganese, uranium, and alluvial gold. Growth will remain strong in 2003, led by oil.
Electricity - consumption	3.681 billion kWh (2001)	21.91 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	118 million kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	43 million kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	4.039 billion kWh (2001)	23.56 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 37% hydro: 61.3% nuclear: 0% other: 1.7% (2001)	fossil fuel: 94.3% hydro: 5.7% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Volcan de Chiriqui 3,475 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico Basile 3,008 m
Environment - current issues	water pollution from agricultural runoff threatens fishery resources; deforestation of tropical rain forest; land degradation and soil erosion threatens siltation of Panama Canal; air pollution in urban areas; mining threatens natural resources	tap water is not potable; deforestation
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 70%, Amerindian and mixed (West Indian) 14%, white 10%, Amerindian 6%	Bioko (primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos), Rio Muni (primarily Fang), Europeans less than 1,000, mostly Spanish
Exchange rates	balboas per US dollar - 1 (2002), 1 (2001), 1 (2000), 1 (1999), 1 (1998)	Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 696.99 (2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.7 (1999), 589.95 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999); First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999); Second Vice President Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez (since 1 September 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999); First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999); Second Vice President Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez (since 1 September 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president elections: president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 2 May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2004) election results: Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez elected president; percent of vote - Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (PA) 44%, Martin TORRIJOS (PRD) 37% note: government coalition - PA, MOLIRENA, Democratic Change, MORENA, PLN, PS	chief of state: President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO (since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup) head of government: Prime Minister Candido Muatetema RIVAS (since 26 February 2001); First Deputy Prime Minister Miguel OYONO NDONG (since NA January 1998); Deputy Prime Minister Demetrio Elo NDONG NZE FUMU (since NA January 1998) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 15 December 2002 (next to be held NA December 2009); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president election results: Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO reelected president; percent of vote - Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO 97.1%, Celestino Bonifacio BACALE 2.2%; elections marred by widespread fraud
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	bananas, shrimp, sugar, coffee, clothing (1999)	petroleum, methanol, timber, cocoa
Exports - partners	US 47.8%, Sweden 5.8%, Costa Rica 4.8%, Honduras 4.4% (2002)	US 28.3%, Spain 25.3%, China 17.4%, Canada 10.6%, France 4.9% (2002)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 January - 31 December
Flag description	divided into four, equal rectangles; the top quadrants are white (hoist side) with a blue five-pointed star in the center and plain red; the bottom quadrants are plain blue (hoist side) and white with a red five-pointed star in the center	three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice)
GDP	purchasing power parity - $18.06 billion (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1.27 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 7% industry: 17% services: 76% (2001 est.)	agriculture: 20% industry: 60% services: 20% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $6,200 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $2,700 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	0.7% (2002 est.)	20% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	9 00 N, 80 00 W	2 00 N, 10 00 E
Geography - note	strategic location on eastern end of isthmus forming land bridge connecting North and South America; controls Panama Canal that links North Atlantic Ocean via Caribbean Sea with North Pacific Ocean	insular and continental regions rather widely separated
Highways	total: 11,400 km paved: 3,944 km (including 30 km of expressways) unpaved: 7,456 km (1999)	total: 2,880 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 1.2% highest 10%: 35.7% (1997)	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	major cocaine transshipment point and primary money laundering center for narcotics revenue; money-laundering activity is especially heavy in the Colon Free Zone; offshore financial center; negligible signs of coca cultivation; monitoring of financial transactions is improving; official corruption remains a major problem	-
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	capital goods, crude oil, foodstuffs, consumer goods, chemicals (1999)	petroleum sector equipment, other equipment
Imports - partners	US 34.3%, Colombia 5.9%, Japan 5.4%, Costa Rica 4.2%, Venezuela 4.2% (2002)	US 29.1%, Spain 15.9%, UK 14.8%, France 10.4%, Norway 7.2%, Netherlands 4.8%, Italy 4.7% (2002)
Independence	3 November 1903 (from Colombia; became independent from Spain 28 November 1821)	12 October 1968 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate	0.5% (2002 est.)	30% (2002 est.)
Industries	construction, petroleum refining, brewing, cement and other construction materials, sugar milling	petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas
Infant mortality rate	total: 21.44 deaths/1,000 live births male: 23.59 deaths/1,000 live births female: 19.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	total: 89.02 deaths/1,000 live births male: 95.25 deaths/1,000 live births female: 82.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.1% (2001 est.)	6% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, BDEAC, CEEAC, CEMAC, ECA, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	6 (2000)	1 (2002)
Irrigated land	320 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (nine judges appointed for 10-year terms); five superior courts; three courts of appeal	Supreme Tribunal
Labor force	1.1 million note: shortage of skilled labor, but an oversupply of unskilled labor (2000 est.)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 20.8%, industry 18%, services 61.2% (1995 est.)	-
Land boundaries	total: 555 km border countries: Colombia 225 km, Costa Rica 330 km	total: 539 km border countries: Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km
Land use	arable land: 6.72% permanent crops: 2.08% other: 91.2% (1998 est.)	arable land: 4.63% permanent crops: 3.57% other: 91.8% (1998 est.)
Languages	Spanish (official), English 14% note: many Panamanians bilingual	Spanish (official), French (official), pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo
Legal system	based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Justice; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations	partly based on Spanish civil law and tribal custom
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (71 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 2 May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PRD 34, PA 18, PDC 5, PS 4, MOLIRENA 3, PLN 3, Democratic Change 2, PRC 1, MORENA 1 note: legislators from outlying rural districts are chosen on a plurality basis while districts located in more populous towns and cities elect multiple legislators by means of a proportion-based formula	unicameral House of People's Representatives or Camara de Representantes del Pueblo (80 seats; members directly elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 7 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - PDGE 80%, UP 6%, CPDS 5%; seats by party - PDGE 75, UP 4 and CPDS 1 note: opposition parties have refused to take up their seats in the House to protest widespread irregularities in the 1999 legislative elections
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 72.32 years male: 69.97 years female: 74.79 years (2003 est.)	total population: 54.75 years male: 52.63 years female: 56.93 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 92.6% male: 93.2% female: 91.9% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 85.7% male: 93.3% female: 78.4% (2003 est.)
Location	Middle America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Colombia and Costa Rica	Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Africa
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 4,860 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 122,543,755 GRT/184,910,607 DWT ships by type: barge carrier 5, bulk 1,443, cargo 846, chemical tanker 376, combination bulk 72, combination ore/oil 17, container 588, liquefied gas 207, livestock carrier 6, multi-functional large-load carrier 12, passenger 38, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 537, railcar carrier 2, refrigerated cargo 287, roll on/roll off 107, short-sea passenger 41, specialized tanker 33, vehicle carrier 240 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Albania 2, Angola 1, Antigua and Barbuda 1, Argentina 11, Australia 13, Austria 2, The Bahamas 5, Belgium 2, Belize 6, Brazil 6, British Virgin Islands 8, Cambodia 1, Canada 9, Chile 12, China 259, Colombia 14, Croatia 2, Cuba 20, Cyprus 3, Denmark 3, Dominican Republic 1, Ecuador 3, Egypt 16, Equatorial Guinea 1, France 9, Germany 72, Greece 523, Haiti 1, Honduras 3, Hong Kong 299, Iceland 1, India 18, Indonesia 48, Ireland 1, Israel 5, Italy 9, Japan 1,642, Kenya 1, Kuwait 2, Latvia 8, Liberia 5, Lithuania 1, Malaysia 18, Malta 2, Marshall Islands 1, Mexico 8, Monaco 112, Netherlands 19, Netherlands Antilles 1, Nigeria 3, Norway 98, Paraguay 1, Peru 15, Philippines 49, Poland 5, Portugal 7, Puerto Rico 2, Romania 7, Russia 12, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 5, Saudi Arabia 4, Seychelles 1, Singapore 112, South Africa 3, South Korea 342, Spain 52, Sri Lanka 3, Sudan 1, Sweden 2, Switzerland 81, Taiwan 334, Thailand 14, Trinidad and Tobago 1, Tunisia 1, Turkey 4, Ukraine 1, UAE 54, UK 73, US 115, Venezuela 6 (2002 est.)	total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 7,571 GRT/9,670 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	on 10 February 1990, the government of then President ENDARA abolished Panama's military and reformed the security apparatus by creating the Panamanian Public Forces; in October 1994, Panama's Legislative Assembly approved a constitutional amendment prohibiting the creation of a standing military force, but allowing the temporary establishment of special police units to counter acts of "external aggression"	-
Military branches	an amendment to the Constitution abolished the armed forces, but there are security forces (Panamanian Public Forces or PPF includes the Panamanian National Police, National Maritime Service, and National Air Service)	Army, Navy, Air Force, Rapid Intervention Force, National Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$128 million (FY99)	$30 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.3% (FY99)	2.5% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 797,456 (2003 est.)	males age 15-49: 116,496 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 544,967 (2003 est.)	males age 15-49: 59,110 (2003 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 3 November (1903)	Independence Day, 12 October (1968)
Nationality	noun: Panamanian(s) adjective: Panamanian	noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s) adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
Natural hazards	occasional severe storms and forest fires in the Darien area	violent windstorms, flash floods
Natural resources	copper, mahogany forests, shrimp, hydropower	oil, petroleum, timber, small unexploited deposits of gold, manganese, uranium, titanium, iron ore
Net migration rate	-0.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines	crude oil 130 km (2001)	condensate 37 km; gas 39 km; liquid natural gas 4 km; oil 24 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders	Arnulfista Party or PA [Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez]; Civic Renewal Party or PRC [Serguei DE LA ROSA]; Democratic Change [Ricardo MARTINELLI]; Democratic Revolutionary Party or PRD [Martin TORRIJOS]; National Liberal Party or PLN [Raul ARANGO Gasteazopo]; National Renovation Movement or MORENA [Pedro VALLARINO Cox]; Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement or MOLIRENA [Ramon MORALES]; Popular Party or PP (formerly Christian Democratic Party or PDC) [Ruben AROSEMENA]; Solidarity Party or PS [Samuel LEWIS Galindo]	Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Placido MIKO Abogo]; Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE (ruling party) [Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO]; Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO]; Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Miguel Esono EMAN]; Popular Union or UP [Andres Moises Bda ADA]; Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP [Victorino Bolekia BONAY]; Union of Independent Democrats of UDI [Daniel OYONO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Chamber of Commerce; National Civic Crusade; National Council of Organized Workers or CONATO; National Union of Construction and Similar Workers (SUNTRACS); National Council of Private Enterprise or CONEP; Panamanian Association of Business Executives or APEDE; Panamanian Industrialists Society or SIP; Workers Confederation of the Republic of Panama or CTRP	NA
Population	2,960,784 (July 2003 est.)	510,473 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	37% (1999 est.)	NA%
Population growth rate	1.36% (2003 est.)	2.44% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Balboa, Cristobal, Coco Solo, Manzanillo (part of Colon area), Vacamonte	Bata, Luba, Malabo
Radio broadcast stations	AM 101, FM 134, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 5 (2002)
Railways	total: 355 km broad gauge: 76 km 1.524-m gauge narrow gauge: 279 km 0.914-m gauge (2002)	total: 0 km
Religions	Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 15%	nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic, pagan practices
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal and compulsory	18 years of age; universal adult
Telephone system	general assessment: domestic and international facilities well developed domestic: NA international: 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to the Central American Microwave System	general assessment: poor system with adequate government services domestic: NA international: international communications from Bata and Malabo to African and European countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	396,000 (1997)	6,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular	17,000 (1997)	300 (1998)
Television broadcast stations	38 (including repeaters) (1998)	1 (2002)
Terrain	interior mostly steep, rugged mountains and dissected, upland plains; coastal areas largely plains and rolling hills	coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic
Total fertility rate	2.53 children born/woman (2003 est.)	4.75 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	16% (2002 est.)	30% (1998 est.)
Waterways	882 km note: 800 km navigable by shallow draft vessels; 82 km Panama Canal	none

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